246 Apuntes del Alcázar de Sevilla
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Within all the catalogued buildings, three groups are considered:
Monumental Buildings, Buildings of Typological Interest and
Buildings of Urban Interest.
Monumental Buildings.
The buildings that have been considered Monumental Buildings
are those that have a monumental or singular nature within the
Sector for historical and artistic, architectural and even ethno-
logical reasons, assigning comprehensive protection “A” or Global
“B”, providing the possibility of change of use of part or the entire
building to the latter, as long as they keep the original features that
have provided them with this monumental and unique nature and
that has been appreciated in these cases.
Within these buildings, we find the buildings declared BIC or en-
rolled in the CGPHA, plus all those that have a recognized monu-
mentality.
Buildings of Typological Interest
Buildings considered as Typological Interest have been provided
with a partial protection level 1 “C” generically, but within them the
following groups have been identified, taking into account both
their type and construction date:
• Manor Houses of XVIII century
(SE)
• Houses Patios of XVIII, XIX and XX centuries (PA)
• Tenements of XIX a XX centuries
(PI)
• Peculiar Dwellings
(VS)
• Peculiar Buildings
(ES)
This group of buildings deserve a special interest in the sense that
it is necessary to make a major effort not only to identify the dif-
ferent typologies, but to accurately define the elements of its own
that must be protected.
This work is primarily on the basis of those previously mentioned
Catalogues and of the research in historical and municipal ar-
chives, as long as it has been possible, of each of the houses here
collected.
Manor Houses of the eighteenth century are originally detached
buildings with a complex program. They respond basically to a
structural organization of house and patio, but with an unique na-
ture. They may include several patios, halts, compasses and even
orchards and gardens. Within this type, Casas-Palacios of the six-
teenth century or later, or large Baroque houses of the eighteenth
century could be included
Popular Houses of the eighteenth century (Patio Houses of the
eighteenth century) are buildings of this century or earlier with
modest nature, with a predominance of the Patio-House type, some
of them having not defined typology. We can also find a mixture
of several due to the transformations occurred in time, being used
many times as tenements around a courtyard.
These houses still retain the ancient height, which would be the
original when they were built, and this is a trait that characterizes
them, and subsequently has been marginalized with respect to the
street where, with successive paving and use of curbs to separate
pedestrian and road traffic, has been growing.
The exterior is characterized by having 2 floors, as a general term,
and predominance of the block over the hollow, with a pilaster ac-
cess hollow and, on this, a balcony with a rather voluminous cor-
bel, or with its locksmith constituting the floor framework; usually
with small windows and projecting bars; and covered with tiles
that have often been replaced by one plane, with a cornice under
the parapet.
The Patio-Houses, more rationalized externally, usually have two
floors although some have suffered from a new subsequent floor.
In most cases, the facade is characterized by the existence of three
vertical hollows in both the ground floor and the top floor, aligned
between themselves. The access hollow, usually with pilaster, uses
to be the central, and on it highlights the existence of a balcony
with corbel. The side hollows are symmetrical and protected with
bars aligned with the facade in the ground floor and projecting
bars in the top floor.
Inside, normally, they are formalized around a sort of habitable pa-
tio or air shaft depending on the size of the plot, around which the
house is built and that due to changes its character has been ballast-
ed or modified, the ladder is located around the patio in most cases.
The Patio-Houses of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
respond to the model of Sevillian house with a patio in a central
position that will be the real core of the dwelling and around which
galleries are attached if any, placing the ladder in different posi-
tions around the same. Among these there is a clear differentiation
between the ones illustrated from nineteenth century and the ones
from the early twentieth as they have a clear regionalist nature.
The nineteenth-century house is built on a plot of almost square
proportions leaving the patio as the real core of it. The exterior is
characterized by the use of a small adjacent basement, shafts with
lowered arches and usually moulded brickmould, with adjacent
cornices for the division between floors, even taking the corbels
of balconies and concluding with a powerful cornice. In the most
elegant houses, the balconies were closed with metal shutters, and
more decorative elements are used, especially in the locksmith and
cornices.
The early twentieth houses are houses where the regional style
predominates, although there are houses with clear historicist ten-
dencies. In this type of houses the kind of patio-house is main-
tained even if the patio loses some of its importance as, in many
cases, due to its size and characteristics, finally becomes just a air
shaft. In the regionalists, it is remarkable the use of finishing with
moulded brick and tiling, in part or even the entire facade, also
highlighting in the most elegant ones the use of shutters, brick ga-
bles, brickmould in the windows and a higher number of decora-
tive elements such as tiles scattered all over the facade.
Tenements, also known by many authors as Stairs Houses due the
importance they have, are multi-family housing units arising from
the first hygienists proposals of the nineteenth century, character-
ized by their constructive rationality of double corridor, central
staircase with patio for ventilation and vertically organized services.
As in the Patio-Houses, it would be necessary to make the distinc-
tion between the houses from the nineteenth century, usually in the
late nineteenth, and the early twentieth, with a predominance of the
regionalist style, this being the most developed type in this sector.
